β-Endorphins are peptides that exert a wide variety of effects throughout the body. Produced
through the cleavage pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), β-endorphins are the primarily agonist …

Abstract Background and Objective To compare different exercise prescriptions for patients
with chronic pain along the continuum of nociplastic pain: fibromyalgia, chronic whiplash …

Animal sentience refers to the capacity of animals to feel both positive and negative
emotions including that of pain. As veterinary health professionals, we have a medical and …

Importance Osteoarthritis is a prevalent, debilitating, and costly chronic disease for which
recommended first-line treatment is underused. Objective To compare the effect of an …

Background Clinical guidelines make vague recommendations as to exercise training (ET)
type and dosage to manage chronic non-specific neck pain (CNSNP). Objective To …

Exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) is a reduction in pain that occurs during or following
exercise. Randomized controlled studies published from 1980 to January 2020 that …

Oxidative stress can be induced by various stimuli and altered in certain conditions,
including exercise and pain. Although many studies have investigated oxidative stress in …

For centuries, regular exercise has been acknowledged as a potent stimulus to promote,
maintain, and restore healthy functioning of nearly every physiological system of the human …

In this study, electroencephalography (EEG) was utilized to explore the neurophysiological
mechanisms of aerobic exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) and provide a theoretical basis …

Introduction Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is pain that has persisted for greater than three
months. It is common and burdensome and represents a significant proportion of primary …