Different neuroplastic processes can occur along the nociceptive pathways and may be
important in the transition from acute to chronic pain and for diagnosis and development of …

Pain due to osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most frequent causes of chronic pain. However,
the mechanisms of OA pain are poorly understood. This review addresses the mechanisms …

Proinflammatory cytokines are major mediators in the pathogenesis of diseases of joints
such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. This review emphasizes that proinflammatory …

Chronic pain is challenging to treat due to the limited therapeutic options and adverse side-
effects of therapies. Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous …

Objective Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex and painful disease of the whole joint. At present
there are no satisfying agents for treating OA. To promote OA research and improved …

Osteoarthritis is one of the most frequent, disabling, and costly pathologies of modern
society. Among the main aims of osteoarthritis management are pain control and functional …

Background and Purpose Microglial cells are important mediators of the immune response
in the CNS. The phytocannabinoid, cannabidiol (CBD), has been shown to have central anti …

Objective To describe the currently used animal models for the study of osteoarthritis (OA)
pain, with an emphasis on small animals (predominantly mice and rats). Outline Narrative …

In this narrative review, we discuss the emerging role of innate immunity in osteoarthritis
(OA) joint pain. First, we give a brief description of the pain pathway in the context of OA …

Arthritis is the commonest cause of disabling chronic pain, and both osteoarthritis (OA) and
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remain major burdens on both individuals and society. Peripheral …