The midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG) participates in diverse functions such as analgesia,
autonomic regulation, sexual behavior, and defense/escape responses. Anatomical studies …

Patients suffering from pain without evidence of either depression or organic lesions, or of
any pathophysiological process to which the pain might be attributed, may be diagnosed as …

The effects of microinjection of 5–10 μg of morphine into the midbrain periaqueductal gray
(PAG) on the activity of neurons in the rostral ventral medulla (RVM) were studied in lightly …

The hypothesis that perceived pain intensity can influence placebo analgesia was tested.
One hundred and seven subjects rated their pain from from 0 to 10 on a visual analog scale …

The present experiments were undertaken to assess the role of neurons in the nucleus
raphe nagnus (NRM) in mediating opiate and stimulation-produced analgesias. A cannode …

The impact of early life events is increasingly becoming apparent, as studies investigate how
early childhood can shape long‐term physiology and behaviour. Fibromyalgia (FM), which is …

This paper presents a new model of alcohol drinking based on the observation that alcohol
drinking often occurs following uncontrollable events. The psychological concepts of …

The midbrain ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (VL‐PAG) is a key component that mediates
pain modulation. Although spinal cord glial cells appear to play an important role in chronic …

Previous findings indicate that the brain stem descending system becomes more active in
modulating spinal nociceptive processes during the development of persistent pain. The …

Using the classification system of Fields et al. 16 131 neurons in the rostral ventromedial
medulla (RVM) of lightly anesthetized rats were divided into 3 groups according to their …