Specialized subpopulations of CD4+ T cells survey major histocompatibility complex class II–
peptide complexes to control phagosomal infections, help B cells, regulate tissue …

Recent advances in machine learning and experimental biology have offered breakthrough
solutions to problems such as protein structure prediction that were long thought to be …

The discovery of CD4+ T cell subset–defining master transcription factors and framing of the
Th1/Th2 paradigm ignited the CD4+ T cell field. Advances in in vivo experimental systems …

Less than a year after the global emergence of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, a novel
vaccine platform based on mRNA technology was introduced to the market. Globally, around …

Follicular helper T cells (T FH) are essential B cell-help providers in the formation of
germinal centers (GCs), affinity maturation of GC B cells, differentiation of high-affinity …

Influenza is a deadly and costly infectious disease, even during flu seasons when an
effective vaccine has been developed. To improve vaccines against respiratory viruses, a …

Influenza A and B virus infections are a major cause of respiratory disease in humans and
are responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Vaccination against …

T cells are critical in orchestrating protective immune responses to cancer and an array of
pathogens. The interaction between a peptide MHC (pMHC) complex on antigen presenting …

In the past few decades, a number of transformative discoveries have been made regarding
memory CD8+ T cell biology; meanwhile, the CD4+ T cell field has lagged behind this …

CD4+ memory T cells play an important role in protective immunity and are a key target in
vaccine development. Many studies have focused on T central memory (Tcm) cells, whereas …