Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are major innate immune cells that constitute up to
50% of the cell mass of human tumors. TAMs are highly heterogeneous cells that originate …

It is well established that multifactorial drug resistance hinders successful cancer treatment.
Tumor cell interactions with the tumor microenvironment (TME) are crucial in epithelial …

Rather than primary solid tumors, metastasis is one of the hallmarks of most cancer deaths.
Metastasis is a multistage event in which cancer cells escape from the primary tumor survive …

Macrophages are the most abundant and one of the most critical cells of tumor immunity.
They provide a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity through releasing cytokines …

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) influence the transcription of gene networks in many cell
types, but their role in tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) is still largely unknown. We …

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released from numerous types of cells that are involved
in multiple tumors development. Exosomes contribute to the modulation of tumor …

Aims Macrophage repolarization from M1 to M2 phenotype is one of the hallmarks of
malignancy. M2 macrophages are the most represented population in the tumor …

Natural killer (NK) cells, effector lymphocytes of the innate immunity, have been shown to be
altered in several cancers, both at tissue and peripheral levels. We have shown that in Non …

Tumor microenvironment (TME) includes a wide variety of cell types and soluble factors
capable of suppressing immune-responses. While the role of NK cells in TME has been …

Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting one, represents a critical
process for oxygen and nutrient supply to proliferating cells, therefore promoting tumor …