Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential
tissue damage. Chronic pain, with a prevalence of 20–30% is the major cause of human …

Ever since Bedford's 1 seminal Lancet case series in 1955, we have known that
perioperative care is sometimes followed by significant cognitive dysfunction. Although the …

Highlights•PTSD co-occurs with somatic diseases.•PTSD is commonly associated with
neuroendocrine and immune dysfunction.•Targeting neuroendocrine and immune …

Status epilepticus (SE) is an acute and severe illness of the central nervous system, and
prolonged SE can lead to brain damage and even death. Ketamine is a noncompetitive …

Ketamine has been demonstrated to be a rapid-onset and long-lasting antidepressant, but
its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Recent studies have emerged …

An intranasal formulation of esketamine, the S enantiomer of ketamine, in conjunction with
an oral antidepressant, has been approved by the FDA for treating treatment-resistant major …

BACKGROUND: Ketamine is one of the oldest hypnotic agents used to provide an
anesthetic agent with analgesic properties and minimal suppressive effects on respiration …

Noninvasive, real‐time pharmacokinetic (PK) monitoring of ketamine, propofol, and valproic
acid, and their metabolites was achieved in mice, using secondary electrospray ionization …

Objectives The breakthrough advancements in scientific medical research have greatly
improved our understanding of the pathogenesis of depression, encouraging drug …

This review highlights the recent clinical research that supports the therapeutic utility of
ketamine as a multifaceted drug. After long‐term use as a dissociative anesthetic, it has re …