Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the most fatal diseases. Neuroimmunity, inflammation, and
oxidative stress play important roles in various complex mechanisms of IS. In particular, the …

Microglia represent the first line of immune feedback in the brain. Beyond immune
surveillance, they are essential for maintaining brain homeostasis. Recent research has …

As important immune cells, microglia undergo a series of alterations during aging that
increase the susceptibility to brain dysfunctions. However, the longitudinal characteristics of …

Microglia are critical in brain development and Alzheimer's disease (AD) etiology. Down
syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic developmental disorder and risk factor for AD …

The gut microbiota has been found to interact with the brain through the microbiota–gut–
brain axis, regulating various physiological processes. In recent years, the impacts of the gut …

Microglia are the brain's resident macrophages, which guide various developmental
processes crucial for brain maturation, activity, and plasticity. Microglial progenitors enter the …

Neuroplasticity refers to the ability of brain circuits to reorganize and change the properties
of the network, resulting in alterations in brain function and behavior. It is traditionally …

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are diagnosed in 1/100 children worldwide, based on two
core symptoms: deficits in social interaction and communication, and stereotyped …

Spectrins are cytoskeletal proteins that are expressed ubiquitously in the mammalian
nervous system. Pathogenic variants in SPTAN1, SPTBN1, SPTBN2 and SPTBN4, four of …

Background Defining the presence of acute and chronic brain inflammation remains a
challenge to clinicians due to the heterogeneity of clinical presentations and aetiologies …