Cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) has generally been described as a collection of clinical
manifestations resulting from an overactivated immune system. Cytokine storms (CSs) are …

Inflammasomes are cytoplasmic multiprotein complexes comprising a sensor protein,
inflammatory caspases, and in some but not all cases an adapter protein connecting the two …

Abstract NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) is a cytosolic innate immune
sensor of cellular stress signals, triggered by infection and sterile inflammation. Upon …

Innate immunity is the first response to protect against pathogens and cellular insults.
Pattern recognition receptors sense pathogen-and damage-associated molecular patterns …

Caspases are a family of conserved cysteine proteases that play key roles in programmed
cell death and inflammation. In multicellular organisms, caspases are activated via …

Programmed cell death (PCD) is an essential part of organismal development and plays
fundamental roles in host defense against pathogens and the maintenance of homeostasis …

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical component of the innate immune system that
mediates caspase-1 activation and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β/IL-18 in …

Pyroptosis, apoptosis and necroptosis are the most genetically well-defined programmed
cell death (PCD) pathways, and they are intricately involved in both homeostasis and …

Twelve regulated cell death programs have been described. We review in detail the basic
biology of nine including death receptor-mediated apoptosis, death receptor-mediated …

ZBP1 has been characterized as a critical innate immune sensor of not only viral RNA
products but also endogenous nucleic acid ligands. ZBP1 sensing of the Z‐RNA produced …