The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is a center of integration for limbic information
and valence monitoring. The BNST, sometimes referred to as the extended amygdala, is …

Women have increased vulnerability to PTSD and anxiety disorders compared to men.
Understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of these disorders is critical for identifying …

Early work stressed the differing involvement of the central amygdala (CeA) and bed
nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) in the genesis of fear versus anxiety, respectively. In …

It is widely thought that phasic and sustained responses to threat reflect dissociable circuits
centered on the central nucleus of the amygdala (Ce) and the bed nucleus of the stria …

Background The neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) is a key regulator of social and emotional
behaviors. The effects of OT are context dependent, and it has been proposed that OT …

Surviving threats in the environment requires brain circuits for detecting (or anticipating)
danger and for coordinating appropriate defensive responses (eg, increased cardiac output …

The Parental Brain: Mechanisms, Development, and Evolution presents a comprehensive
analysis of how the brain regulates parental behavior in nonhuman animals and in humans …

Many neuronal populations that release fast-acting excitatory and inhibitory
neurotransmitters in the brain also contain slower-acting neuropeptides. These facultative …

The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) has been implicated in conditioned fear and
anxiety, but the specific factors that engage the BNST in defensive behaviors are unclear …

Body homeostasis is predominantly controlled by hormones secreted by endocrine organs.
The central nervous system contains several important endocrine structures, including the …