The African continent is considered the largest high endemic area for the oncogenic
retrovirus HTLV-1 with an estimated two to five million infected individuals. However, data on …

Even though an estimated 10–20 million people worldwide are infected with the oncogenic
retrovirus, human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), its epidemiology is poorly …

Human T cell leukemia virus (HTLV-1) is an oncoretrovirus that infects at least 10 million
people worldwide. HTLV-1 exhibits a remarkable genetic stability, however, viral strains …

The transmission of viruses from one host to another typically occurs through horizontal or
vertical pathways. The horizontal pathways include transmission amongst individuals …

Human T cell lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) is a human retrovirus and infects approximately
10–20 million people worldwide. While the majority of infected people are asymptomatic …

Background Koalas are infected with the koala retrovirus (KoRV) that exists as exogenous or
endogenous viruses. KoRV is genetically diverse with co-infection with up to ten envelope …

Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is an aggressive and fatal malignancy of mature activated CD4+
T-lymphocytes associated with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). 1, 2 The …

Human T-lymphotropic viruses (HTLV) are Deltaretroviruses that infect millions of individuals
worldwide via the same transmission routes as HIV. With the aim of exposing the possible re …

Few years after HTLV-1 identification and isolation in humans, STLV-1, its simian
counterpart, was discovered. It then became clear that STLV-1 is present almost in all simian …

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has a history of nonhuman primate (NHP)
consumption and exposure to simian retroviruses yet little is known about the extent of …