Accumulation of phosphorylated intermediates during cellular metabolism can have wide-
ranging toxic effects on many organisms, including humans and the pathogens that infect …

The phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) is a carbohydrate
transport and phosphorylation system present in bacteria of all different phyla and in …

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of infectious disease globally.
Nasopharyngeal colonization occurs in biofilms and precedes infection. Prior studies have …

Protein modifications not only affect protein homeostasis but can also establish new cellular
protein functions and are important components of complex cellular signal sensing and …

The peptidoglycan cell wall is a predominant structure of bacteria, determining cell shape
and supporting survival in diverse conditions. Peptidoglycan is dynamic and requires …

Fucosyllactose (FL) has garnered considerable attention for its benefits on infant health. In
this study, we report an efficient E. coli cell factory to produce 2′/3-fucosyllactose (2′/3-FL) …

Living organisms such as bacteria are often exposed to continuous changes in the nutrient
availability in nature. Therefore, bacteria must constantly monitor the environmental …

Unraveling the mechanisms of microbial adaptive evolution following genetic or
environmental challenges is of fundamental interest in biological science and engineering …

Microplastic (MP) contaminants in marine water have become a global public health
concern because of their persistence and potentially adverse effects on organisms. MP can …

Abstract In 1964, Kundig, Ghosh and Roseman reported the discovery of the
phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS), which they subsequently …