The mammalian brain is a complex organ comprising neurons, glia, and more than 1× 1014
synapses. Neurons are a heterogeneous group of electrically active cells, which form the …

The glymphatic system is a brain-wide perivascular pathway driven by aquaporin-4 on the
endfeet of astrocytes, which can deliver nutrients and active substances to the brain …

Chronic pain is a refractory health disease worldwide causing an enormous economic
burden on individuals and society. Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammation in the …

Abstract Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is an excess and/or prolonged pain and
inflammation condition that follows an injury to a limb. The pathogenesis of CRPS is …

Neuropathic pain has been characterized as chronic pain resulting from pathological
damage to the sensorimotor system. Because of its complex nature, it remains refractory to …

Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) caused by bone metastasis is one of the most prevalent
diseases, and current treatments rely primarily on opioids, which have significant side …

This study examined the effects of turmeric bioactive compounds, curcumin C3
complex®(CUR) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), on mechanical hypersensitivity and …

Visceral pain is a complex and heterogeneous pain condition that is often associated with
pain-related negative emotional states, including anxiety and depression, and can exert …

Background Endoplasmic reticulum stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of
neuroinflammation and chronic pain. This study hypothesized that PRKR-like endoplasmic …

Neuropathic pain (NP) is a common chronic pain condition resulted from lesions or diseases
of somatosensory nervous system, but the pathogenesis remains unclear. A growing body of …