The interactions between ants and certain sap-feeding insects in the order Hemiptera are
classic examples of food-for-protection mutualisms. In these associations, herbivorous …

▪ Abstract Protective ant-plant interactions, important in both temperate and tropical
communities, are increasingly used to study a wide range of phenomena of general interest …

For over 300 million years, insects have relied on symbiotic microbes for nutrition and
defence. However, it is unclear whether specific ecological conditions have repeatedly …

Hemiptera, the largest non-holometabolous order of insects, represents approximately 7% of
metazoan diversity. With extraordinary life histories and highly specialized morphological …

From the rain forests of Borneo to the tenements of Manhattan, winged insects are a
conspicuous and abundant feature of life on earth. Here, Robert Dudley presents the first …

Cities profoundly alter biological communities, favoring some species over others, though
the mechanisms that govern these changes are largely unknown. Herbivorous arthropod …

Aunque los orígenes de las hormigas (cuándo, dónde y cómo) sean misterios que nunca
podremos resolver, lo cierto es que hace unos 100 millones de años ya existían hormigas …

▪ Abstract Aphids and ants are two abundant and highly successful insect groups, which
often live in the same habitat and therefore are likely to interact with one another. Whether …

In this paper, the mutualistic relationship known as trophobiosis, which occurs convergently
between ants and several groups of Hemiptera Sternorrhyncha and Auchenorrhyncha …

The evolution of mutualisms presents a puzzle. Why does selection favour cooperation
among species rather than cheaters that accept benefits but provide nothing in return? Here …