Pain associated with mechanical, chemical, and thermal heat stimulation of the ocular
surface is mediated by trigeminal ganglion neurons, while cold thermoreceptors detect …

The fifth cranial nerve is the common denominator for many headaches and facial pain
pathologies currently known. Projecting from the trigeminal ganglion, in a bipolar manner, it …

Sensitization of trigeminal ganglion neurons contributes to primary headache disorders such
as migraine, but the specific neuronal and non-neuronal trigeminal subtypes that are …

The cornea is the most densely innervated and sensitive tissue in the body. The cornea is
exclusively innervated by C-and A-delta fibers, including mechano-nociceptors that are …

Trigeminal nerve injury is one of the causes of chronic orofacial pain. Patients suffering from
this condition have a significantly reduced quality of life. The currently available …

Neuroplastic changes in the neuronal networks involving the trigeminal ganglion (TG),
trigeminal spinal subnucleus caudalis (Vc), and upper cervical spinal cord (C1/C2) are …

Trigeminal neuropathic pain is a chronic pain condition caused by damage or inflammation
of the trigeminal nerve or its branches, with both peripheral and central nervous system …

Persistent ocular pain caused by corneal inflammation and/or nerve injury is accompanied
by significant alterations along the pain axis. Both primary sensory neurons in the trigeminal …

Background Photophobia is a potentially debilitating symptom often found in dry eye
disease (DE), migraine and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods We conducted a review of …

Neuropathic orofacial pain (NOP) is a debilitating condition. Although the pathophysiology
remains unclear, accumulating evidence suggests the involvement of multiple mechanisms …