Despite the enormous success of antibiotics in antimicrobial therapy, the rapid emergence of
antibiotic resistance and the complexity of the bacterial infection microenvironment make …

Cancer therapy is undergoing a paradigm shift toward immunotherapy focusing on various
approaches to activate the host immune system. As research to identify appropriate immune …

Bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) are known to be critical communication tools in several
pathophysiological processes between bacteria and host cells. Given this situation, BMVs …

Immunotherapy has been emerging as a powerful strategy for cancer management.
Recently, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that bacteria-based immunotherapy …

Despite all the progress in the field of liposomes and nanoparticles for applications as drug
and gene delivery systems, the specific targeting and immune system escape capabilities of …

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) superbugs can breach the blood–brain barrier (BBB), leading to a
continuous barrage of pro-inflammatory modulators and induction of severe infection-related …

Due to differences in geographic surveillance systems, chemical sanitization practices, and
antibiotic stewardship (AS) implementation employed during the COVID-19 pandemic, many …

Engineered probiotics represent a cutting-edge therapy in intestinal inflammatory disease
(IBD). Genetically modified bacteria have provided a new strategy to release therapeutically …

The role of gut microbiota and its products in human health and disease is profoundly
investigated. The communication between gut microbiota and the host involves a …

Extracellular outer‐membrane vesicles (OMVs) are attractive for use as drug nanocarriers,
because of their high biocompatibility and ability to enter cells. However, widespread use is …