As populations age worldwide, the burden of valvular heart disease has grown
exponentially, and so has the proportion of affected women. Although rheumatic valve …

Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common valvular heart disease in
developed countries predominantly affecting the elderly population therefore posing a large …

Background: Aortic valve stenosis is a sexually dimorphic disease, with women often
presenting with sustained fibrosis and men with more extensive calcification. However, the …

Nearly all cardiovascular diseases show sexual dimorphisms in prevalence, presentation,
and outcomes. Until recently, most clinical trials were carried out in males, and many animal …

This Atlas chapter summarizes sex-and some gender-associated, and unique aspects and
manifestations of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women. CVD is the primary cause of …

Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.
We aimed to elucidate the 30-year epidemiology of CAVD globally. Global CAVD incidence …

Sex is a key risk factor for many types of cardiovascular disease. It is imperative to
understand the mechanisms underlying sex differences to devise optimal preventive and …

Abstract 3D heterogeneous and anisotropic scaffolds that approximate native heart valve
tissues are indispensable for the successful construction of tissue engineered heart valves …

Despite numerous promising therapeutic targets, there are no proven medical treatments for
calcific aortic stenosis (AS). Multiple stakeholders need to come together and several …

Valvular heart diseases have long been considered to be similar in men and women and
across races/ethnicities. Recently, studies have demonstrated major differences between …