Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous respiratory condition
characterized by symptoms of dyspnea, cough, and sputum production. We review sex …

Objectives: Initial studies suggest HIV-positive persons may be at increased risk for chronic
lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but have commonly relied on …

Background To assess the relationship between lung cancer and emphysema subtypes.
Objective Airflow obstruction and emphysema predispose to lung cancer. Little is known …

Background: Previous attempts to explore the heterogeneity of chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) clustered individual patients using clinical, demographic, and …

Rationale: Although centrilobular emphysema (CLE) and paraseptal emphysema (PSE) are
commonly identified on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), little is known about …

Background: Physiological and prognostic associations of centrilobular emphysema (CLE)
and paraseptal emphysema (PSE) in smokers with and without chronic obstructive …

Rationale: Although emphysema on computed tomography (CT) is associated with
increased morbidity and mortality in patients with and without spirometrically defined chronic …

Centrilobular emphysema (CLE) and paraseptal emphysema (PSE) are observed in
smokers with preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm, defined as the ratio of forced …

Objective To investigate the prevalence and distribution of paraseptal emphysema on chest
CT images in the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) population, and assess its impact on …

Background The factors associated with longitudinal changes in diffusing capacity remain
unclear among patients with COPD. Centrilobular emphysema (CLE) and paraseptal …