Abnormal microbial colonization in the gut at an early stage of life affects growth,
development, and health, resulting in short-and long-term adverse effects. Microbial …

Gut dysbiosis is associated with sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants,
which can adversely affect long-term growth and neurodevelopment. We aimed to …

Extreme preterm birth, defined as birth before 28 weeks' gestational age (box 1), 1 affects
about two to five in every 1000 pregnancies, and varies slightly by country and by definitions …

Background Neonates and infants requiring anaesthesia are at risk of physiological
instability and complications, but triggers for peri-anaesthetic interventions and associations …

Objective To determine the associations of different grades of intraventricular haemorrhage
(IVH), particularly grades 1 and 2, with neurodevelopmental outcomes at 8 years of age in …

Cell therapies are an emerging focus for neonatal research, with benefits documented for
neonatal respiratory, neurological, and cardiac conditions in pre-clinical studies. Umbilical …

Background Advances in neonatology now enable increasing numbers of very low birth
weight neonates (R< 1500 g) to survive into early adulthood and beyond. What are the …

The Motor Optimality Score, revised (MOS-R) is an extension of the Prechtl General
Movements Assessment. This study aims to determine the relationship between MOS-R and …

Preterm very low birth weight infants (VLBWi) are known to be at greater risk of adverse
neurodevelopmental outcome. Identifying early factors associated with outcome is essential …

Objectives It is unclear how newer methods of respiratory support for infants born extremely
preterm (EP; 22–27 weeks gestation) have affected in-hospital sequelae. We aimed to …