Diabetic kidney disease has a high global disease burden and substantially increases the
risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events. Despite treatment, there is substantial …

SGLT2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter 2) inhibitors produce a distinctive pattern of benefits
on the evolution and progression of cardiomyopathy and nephropathy, which is …

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic, chronic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and
elevated blood glucose levels. Although a large drug portfolio exists to keep the blood …

SGLT2 inhibitors are antihyperglycemic drugs that protect kidneys and the heart of patients
with or without type 2 diabetes and preserved or reduced kidney function from failing. The …

Ketone bodies play significant roles in organismal energy homeostasis, serving as oxidative
fuels, modulators of redox potential, lipogenic precursors, and signals, primarily during …

Abstract Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce heart failure events by
direct action on the failing heart that is independent of changes in renal tubular function. In …

Nowadays, diabetes mellitus has emerged as a significant global public health concern with
a remarkable increase in its prevalence. This review article focuses on the definition of …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a devastating microvascular complication associated with
diabetes mellitus. Recently, the major focus of glomerular lesions of DKD has partly shifted …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus which may
eventually lead to end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD). Despite improvements in glycaemic …

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are new oral drugs for the therapy of
patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Research in the past decade has shown that …