A distinctive feature of this review is a critical analysis of methods and results of
measurements of the optical properties of tissues in a wide spectral range from deep UV to …

Introduction Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) has shown promise in the field of intra-operative
imaging and tissue differentiation as it carries the capability to provide real-time information …

Advanced laser methods have recently been used in human and animal head tissues for
functional and molecular imaging. Combining these approaches with various probes and …

The visualization of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) fluorescence with the help of surgical
microscopes during 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated fluorescence-guided resection (FGR) of …

Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) has been extensively studied in both preclinical and
clinical settings for multiple applications, notably as a minimally invasive diagnostic tool for …

Glial tumors grow diffusely in the brain. Survival is correlated to the extent of tumor removal,
but tumor borders are often invisible. Resection beyond the borders as defined by …

Precise diagnosis of the boundary and grade of tumors is especially important for surgical
dissection. Recently, visible and near-infrared (Vis–NIR) absorption differences of tumors …

Safely maximizing brain cancer removal without injuring adjacent healthy tissue is crucial for
optimal treatment outcomes. However, it is challenging to distinguish cancer from noncancer …

Significance Current methods of producing optical phantoms are incapable of accurately
capturing the wavelength-dependent properties of tissue critical for many optical modalities …

Peripheral nerve damage frequently occurs in challenging surgical cases resulting in high
costs and morbidity. Various optical techniques have proven effective in detecting and …