Strategies to therapeutically target the tumor microenvironment (TME) have emerged as a
promising approach for cancer treatment in recent years due to the critical roles of the TME …

The immune system is the core defense against cancer development and progression.
Failure of the immune system to recognize and eliminate malignant cells plays an important …

Macrophages are present in most human tissues and have very diverse functions. Activated
macrophages are usually divided into two phenotypes, M1 macrophages and M2 …

During tumorigenesis, tumors must evolve to evade the immune system and do so by
disrupting the genes involved in antigen processing and presentation or up-regulating …

In patients with glioblastoma, the average survival time with current treatments is short,
mainly due to recurrences and resistance to therapy. This insufficient treatment success is, in …

CCR2 is predominantly expressed by monocytes/macrophages with strong proinflammatory
functions, prompting the development of CCR2 antagonists to dampen unwanted immune …

Lung cancer is the deadliest malignancy worldwide. An inflammatory microenvironment is a
key factor contributing to lung tumor progression. Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) …

The complex and adaptive nature of malignant neoplasm constitutes a major challenge for
the development of effective anti-oncogenic therapies. Emerging evidence has uncovered …

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent tumor entities worldwide with only
limited therapeutic options. CRC is not only a genetic disease with several mutations in …

Cellular and stromal components including tumor cells, immune cells, mesenchymal cells,
cancer-linked fibroblasts, and extracellular matrix, constituent tumor microenvironment …