The 7th amendment to the EU Cosmetics Directive prohibits to put animal-tested cosmetics
on the market in Europe after 2013. In that context, the European Commission invited …

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major concern for the pharmaceutical industry and
constitutes one of the most important reasons for the termination of promising drug …

Hepatoma cell lines are frequently used as in vitro alternatives to primary human
hepatocytes. Cell lines are characterized by their unlimited life span, stable phenotype, high …

Numerous publications have documented that the immortal cells grown in three-dimensional
(3D) cultures possess physiological behavior, which is more reminiscent of their parental …

Consumer and environmental safety decisions are based on exposure and hazard data,
interpreted using risk assessment approaches. The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) …

The HepaRG cell line is the first human cell line able to differentiate in vitro into mature
hepatocyte-like cells. Our main objective within the framework of the EEC-LIINTOP project …

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that leaches from polycarbonate
plastics that consequently leads to low-dose human exposure. In addition to its known …

A wide range of novel replacement flame retardants (nFRs) is consistently detected in
increasing concentrations in the environment and human matrices. Evidence suggests that …

Drug-induced liver injury occurs in general after several weeks and is often unpredictable. It
is characterized by a large spectrum of lesions that includes steatosis and phospholipidosis …

Cell-based high-content screening (HCS) assays have become an increasingly attractive
alternative to traditional in vitro and in vivo testing in pharmaceutical drug development and …