At present, emerging technologies, such as machine learning, deep learning, or various
forms of artificial intelligence are penetrating different fields of education, including foreign …

Although the use of technology for pragmatics instruction has attracted significant attention
from scholars, the number of studies regarding the impact of self-access materials to this end …

Although technology is a vital part of 21st-century education, teachers in English as a foreign
language (EFL) contexts face challenges when using digital tools in their teaching. Studies …

Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) is a model of CALL competence to
integrate technology into education. Cultivating attitudes of EFL teachers in light of online …

The year 2020 was a horrible shock for both educators and students worldwide because of
the COVID-19 disease. The whole educational process had to undergo cardinal changes in …

Over the last few decades, the idea behind language instruction in the classroom has
changed and evolved considerably. Especially, with the emergence of the communicative …

The traditional face-to-face language school has been replaced with online schooling by
virtue of the COVID-19 outbreak. However, recent studies have significantly covered …

The rapid development of information technologies leads to big changes in every part of life
involving the education process since they provide opportunities to accomplish various …

Annotation. In the present era, both learning and teaching, including foreign language
learning (FLL) and teaching, are being radically influenced by a massive implementation of …

This study explores the perceived affordances and challenges of online teaching and
learning among English instructors and students. Qualitative data were gathered through …