The process of enteral feeding involves intake of solid or liquid substance to support
appropriate nutritional status, which is vital to maintain human health. More importantly in …

Vocal fold paralysis (VFP) is an important cause of respiratory and feeding compromise in
infants. The causes of neonatal VFP are varied and include central nervous system …

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Respiratory distress is a common problem in neonates, estimated to be present in 7% of all
newborns. 1 Unfortunately, more than 46% of all child deaths are among newborn infants …

Abstract Purpose of Review Bilateral vocal fold immobility is a challenging life-threatening
problem involving multiple treatment options and nuanced clinical decision making. We aim …

Chronic pulmonary aspiration (CPA) is a common cause of morbidity in children with
complex aerodigestive disorders. CPA can be caused by swallowing dysfunction, anatomic …

Embryology The esophagus and laryngotracheal structures arise from the primitive foregut.
In weeks 3 and 4 of gestation, a tracheobronchial groove develops from the foregut. A …

Objectives: There are numerous well-described benefits to breastfeeding to both infant and
mother. Even in healthy children with an uncomplicated perinatal course, there may be …

Abstract Objective: Bilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis (BVFP) is a rare but significant resource of
respiratory distress in neonates and infants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the …

A difficult condition known as bilateral vocal fold immobility (BVFI) can be caused by a
variety of conditions, such as vocal fold paralysis, synkinesis, cricoarytenoid joint fixation …