Soil salinity is a global issue that limits plant growth in agricultural fields and contributes to
food crisis. Salt stressors impede plant's ionic, osmotic, and oxidative balance, as well as a …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium (Ca2+) signalling are interconnected in the
perception and transmission of environmental signals that control plant growth, development …

Heavy metals (HMs), like vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), and nickel (Ni)
toxicity due to anthropogenic, impair plant growth and yield, which is a challenging issue for …

Abstract Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is an indole molecule widely found in
animals and plants. It is well known that melatonin improves plant resistance to various …

Abiotic stresses are the primary sources of crop losses globally. The identification of key
mechanisms deployed and established by plants in response to abiotic stresses is …

Biosynthetic nano-selenium (bio-SeNP), as a plant growth regulator, has better
bioavailability and lower toxicity than selenite and selenate. This study investigated the …

Phytomelatonin, a multifunctional molecule that has been found to be present in all plants
examined to date, has an important role in plants as a modulatory agent (a biostimulator) …

Chromium (Cr) is considered one of the most hazardous metal contaminant reducing crop
production and putting human health at risk. Phytohormones are known to regulate …

Arsenic (As) is a highly toxic contaminant in the environment. Although both inorganic and
organic types of arsenic exist in the environment, the most common inorganic forms of As …

Cadmium (Cd) pollution is an increasingly serious problem in crop production. Although
significant progress has been made to comprehend the molecular mechanism of …