The ability to exploit the immune system as a weapon against cancer has revolutionised the
treatment of cancer patients, especially through immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) …

Similarly to our healthy organs, the tumor tissue also constitutes an ecosystem. This implies
that stromal cells acquire an altered phenotype in tandem with tumor cells, thereby …

Extracellular matrixes (ECMs) are intricate 3-dimensional macromolecular networks of
unique architectures with regulatory roles in cell morphology and functionality. As a dynamic …

Mammalian glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), except hyaluronan (HA), are sulfated
polysaccharides that are covalently attached to core proteins to form proteoglycans (PGs) …

Heparan sulfate is a ubiquitous, variably sulfated interactive glycosaminoglycan that
consists of repeating disaccharides of glucuronic acid and glucosamine that are subject to a …

The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) program is crucial for transforming carcinoma
cells into a partially mesenchymal state, enhancing their chemoresistance, migration, and …

Syndecans are transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycans present on most mammalian
cell surfaces. They have a long evolutionary history, a single syndecan gene being …

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the main causes of cancer-related death worldwide. The
heterogenicity of breast tumors and the presence of tumor resistance, metastasis, and …

Chronic endometritis (CE) is a localized mucosal infectious and inflammatory disorder
marked by infiltration of CD138 (+) endometrial stromal plasmacytes (ESPC). CE is drawing …

Breast cancer (BC) metastasis is an enormous challenge targeting BC therapy. The
extracellular matrix (ECM), the principal component of the BC metastasis niche, is the pivotal …