Depression is a prevalent, complex, and highly debilitating disease. The full comprehension
of this disease is still a global challenge. Indeed, relapse, recurrency, and therapeutic …

Abstract Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) causes symptoms from multiple organs
after infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS CoV‐2). They …

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroid hormones widely used for the treatment of inflammation,
autoimmune diseases, and cancer. To exert their broad physiological and therapeutic …

Endogenous glucocorticoids are crucial to various physiological processes, including
metabolism, development and inflammation. Since 1948, synthetic glucocorticoids have …

The brain is the central organ of stress and adaptation to stress because it perceives and
determines what is threatening, as well as the behavioral and physiological responses to the …

The term 'stress'–coined in 1936–has many definitions, but until now has lacked a
theoretical foundation. Here we present an information-theoretic approach–based on the …

Energy is required to sustain life and enable stress adaptation. At the cellular level, energy is
largely derived from mitochondria–unique multifunctional organelles with their own genome …

The brain is the central organ involved in perceiving and adapting to social and physical
stressors via multiple interacting mediators, from the cell surface to the cytoskeleton to …

Chronic psychosocial stress increases disease risk and mortality, but the underlying
mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here we outline an energy-based model for the …

A number of factors (biogenic amine deficiency, genetic, environmental, immunologic,
endocrine factors and neurogenesis) have been identified as mechanisms which provide …