Inflammatory reactions occur in the brain in various CNS diseases, including autoimmune,
neurodegenerative, and epileptic disorders. Proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines …

Infantile spasms is one of the “catastrophic childhood epilepsies” because of the difficulty in
controlling seizures and the association with mental retardation. However, early recognition …

Despite the continued development and release of new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), many
children have seizures that do not respond to conventional therapy or have related side …

Purpose: Several studies have reported favorable effects of intravenous immunoglobulins
(IVIG) in refractory epilepsy. Evidence substantiating an immunomodulatory action is scarce …

Approximately 10% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) develop epileptic
seizures. When occurring before the onset of generalized SLE, the seizures are mainly …

The use of immunoglobulin (IVIg) in intractable epilepsy is one of its oldest applications in
medicine, starting from the empirical observation of its beneficial effect on seizures. Immune …

In an add-on pilot study, a group of 15 children with cryptogenic and intractable West
syndrome (3) and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (12) received intravenous immunoglobulin …

Our aim was to investigate the long term effectiveness of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
against intractable childhood epilepsy in the era of new antiepileptics and to determine the …

West syndrome (WS) is an infantile epileptic encephalopathy that manifests with infantile
spasms (IS), hypsarrhythmia (in~ 60% of infants), and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes …

Background Epilepsy is a common neurological condition, with an estimated incidence of 50
per 100,000 persons. People with epilepsy may present with various types of immunological …