The aerial portion of a plant, namely the leaf, is inhabited by pathogenic and non-pathogenic
microbes. The leaf's physical and chemical properties, combined with fluctuating and often …

Ecosystem functions directly depend upon biophysical as well as biogeochemical reactions
occurring at the soil-microbe-plant interface. Environment is considered as a major driver of …

The aerial surface of higher plants is covered by a hydrophobic layer of cuticular waxes to
protect plant tissues against enormous environmental challenges including the infection of …

Soil health and fertility issues are constantly addressed in the agricultural industry. Through
the continuous and prolonged use of chemical heavy agricultural systems, most agricultural …

Spaceflight microgravity and modeled-microgravity analogs (MMA) broadly alter gene
expression and physiology in both pathogens and plants. Research elucidating plant and …

Plants, being sessile in nature, are inept to escape biotic stress that adversely impact their
growth, development, and productivity. Rather, plants employ a variety of processes at the …

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) occurs in all soybean-growing areas in the world and causes
huge losses in soybean yields and seed quality. During early viral infection, molecular …

In a single vascular plant species, the ubiquitin system consists of thousands of different
proteins involved in attaching ubiquitin to substrates, recognizing or processing …

Plants employ the innate immune system to discriminate between self and invaders through
two types of immune receptors, one on the plasma membrane and the other in the …

The growth–defense trade-off in plants is a phenomenon whereby plants must balance the
allocation of their resources between developmental growth and defense against attack by …