Lab-on-a-chip devices have become pivotal in various scientific disciplines due to their
compactness and efficiency. However, their reliance on traditional materials raises …

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique is one of the molecular methods in amplifying
DNA for the detection of malaria. However, the collection and transportation of samples and …

Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) is a sought-after method for quantifying nucleic acids. A
series of commercial instruments based on qPCR has been developed and applied to detect …

Saliva is one of the most critical human body fluids that can reflect the state of the human
body. The detection of saliva is of great significance for disease diagnosis and health …

Accurate and rapid identification of multiple pathogens simultaneously is paramount for
global public health, including the detection of different influenza virus subtypes. Recently …

The trace amounts of human tissue cells or body fluids left at the crime scene are often
mixed with inhibitors such as rust, pigments, and humic acid. The extraction of the DNA from …