Mast cells are hematopoietic cells that reside in virtually all vascularized tissues and that
represent potential sources of a wide variety of biologically active secreted products …

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an inflammatory disorder that is characterized by chronic
deep-seated nodules, abscesses, fistulae, sinus tracts, and scars in the axilla, inguinal area …

Interleukin 6 (IL-6), promptly and transiently produced in response to infections and tissue
injuries, contributes to host defense through the stimulation of acute phase responses …

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare autoimmune disorder that
preferentially affects the spinal cord and optic nerve. Most patients with NMOSD experience …

Background IL-6 classic signaling is linked to anti-inflammatory functions while the trans-
signaling is associated with pro-inflammatory responses. Classic signaling is induced via …

Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease is a collective term for cardiovascular disease and
cerebrovascular disease, being a serious threat to human health. A growing number of …

Extending the functional integrity of renal allografts is the primary goal of transplant
medicine. The development of donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) posttransplantation leads to …

The vagus nerve is a mixed nerve, comprising 80% afferent fibers and 20% efferent fibers. It
allows a bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and the digestive …

Background Operative injury to the body from all procedures causes a stereotypical cascade
of neuroendocrine, cytokine, myeloid, and acute phase responses. This response has been …

The success of kidney transplants is limited by the lack of robust improvements in long-term
survival. It is now recognized that alloimmune responses are responsible for the majority of …