I. Introduction T HE STABILITY of the “milieu interieur” was first recognized by Claude
Bernard (1), and this concept was extended by Walter Cannon (2), who coined the term …

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) has an important role in the regulation of energy
homeostasis not only through effects on thyroid function orchestrated through …

Thyroid hormone is important in the regulation of synthesis and secretion of thyroid-
stimulating hormone (TSH) in the anterior pituitary, but its role in the control of hypothalamic …

Fasting-induced suppression of thyroid hormone levels is an adaptive response to reduce
energy expenditure in both humans and mice. This suppression is mediated by the …

Noradrenergic projections to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus have been
implicated in the secretory regulation of several anterior pituitary hormones, including …

Thyroid hormone administered systemically exerts negative feedback control of biosynthesis
of the TRH prohormone in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), the origin of …

Abstract Neuropeptide Y (NPY) immunoreactive (-ir) nerve fibers densely innervate
hypophysiotropic TRH perikarya and dendrites in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus …

Interoceptive feedback signals from the body are transmitted to hypothalamic neurons that
control pituitary hormone release. This review article describes the organization of central …

Regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis is dependent upon the secretion
of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), a tripeptide originating in the hypothalamic …

Leptin is primarily expressed in white adipose tissue; however, it is expressed in the
hypothalamus and reproductive tissues as well. Leptin acts by activating the leptin receptors …