Unprecedented advances have been made in cancer treatment with the use of immune
checkpoint blockade (ICB). However, responses are limited to a subset of patients, and …

Melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer. Melanoma is usually curable with surgery if
detected early, however, treatment options for patients with metastatic melanoma are limited …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors demonstrate clinical activity in many tumor types, however,
only a fraction of patients benefit. Combining CD137 agonists with these inhibitors increases …

Checkpoint blockade immunotherapy established a new paradigm in cancer treatment: for
certain patients curative treatment requires immune reinvigoration. Despite this monumental …

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) plasticity and diversity are both essential hallmarks
of the monocyte-macrophage lineage and the tumor-derived inflammation. TAM exemplify …

Regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are critical mediators of self-tolerance, but they can also limit
effective anti-tumor immunity. Although under homeostasis a small fraction of Treg cells in …

Background Since the lung is one of the most common sites for cancer metastasis, it could
provide a suitable microenvironment for pre-metastatic niche (PMN) formation to facilitate …

Background Accumulation of regulatory T cells (Treg) has been described to often correlate
with poor prognosis in many solid tumors. How Treg presence impinges on limited …

Purpose: Previous studies suggest that androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) promotes
antitumor immunity in prostate cancer. Whether a vaccine-based approach can augment this …

Conventional chemotherapies have some limitations, including the lack of selectivity, high
toxicity to normal tissues, multidrug resistance, and tumor relapse. Recently, great progress …