4004 ESC Guidelines label use of medication should be limited to situations where it is in
the patient's interest to do so, with regard to the quality, safety, and efficacy of care, and only …

• The specific situation of the patient. Unless otherwise provided for by national regulations,
off-label use of medication should be limited to situations where it is in the patient's interest …

or therapeutic medical strategies. However, the ESC Guidelines do not override in any way
whatsoever the individual responsibility of health professionals to make appropriate and …

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an arrhythmogenic disorder of the myocardium
not secondary to ischemic, hypertensive, or valvular heart disease. ACM incorporates a …

Epidemiological and biological plausibility studies support a cause-and-effect relationship
between increased levels of physical activity or cardiorespiratory fitness and reduced …

The recommendations listed in this guideline are, whenever possible, evidence based. An
initial extensive evidence review, which included literature derived from research involving …

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is the leading cause of mortality in athletes during sport. A
variety of mostly hereditary, structural, or electrical cardiac disorders are associated with …

The present document has been conceived as the European update to the American
College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA)/ESC 2006 Guidelines for …

A unique and highly versatile technique, stress echocardiography (SE) is increasingly
recognized for its utility in the evaluation of non-ischaemic heart disease. SE allows for …

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is an inherited heart muscle disorder, predisposing to
sudden cardiac death, particularly in young patients and athletes. Pathological features …