We review theoretical and numerical models of the glymphatic system, which circulates
cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid around the brain, facilitating solute transport. Models …

In the past decade, evidence for a fluid clearance pathway in the central nervous system
known as the glymphatic system has grown. According to the glymphatic system concept …

The history of brain drug delivery is reviewed beginning with the first demonstration, in 1914,
that a drug for syphilis, salvarsan, did not enter the brain, due to the presence of a blood …

Perivascular spaces are important highways for fluid and solute transport in the brain
enabling efficient waste clearance during sleep. However, the underlying mechanisms …

In the brain, increases in neural activity drive changes in local blood flow via neurovascular
coupling. The common explanation for increased blood flow (known as functional …

Circulation of cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid around the central nervous system and
through the brain transports not only those water-like fluids but also any solutes they carry …

The choroid plexus (ChP) is the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier and the primary
source of CSF. Acquired hydrocephalus, caused by brain infection or hemorrhage, lacks …

Intraventricular hemorrhage is one of the most fatal forms of brain injury that is a common
complication of premature infants. However, the therapy of this type of hemorrhage is limited …

The accumulation of metabolic waste is a leading cause of numerous neurological
disorders, yet we still have only limited knowledge of how the brain performs self-cleansing …

It is uncontested that perivascular spaces play critical roles in maintaining homeostasis and
priming neuroinflammation. However, despite more than a century of intense research on …