Background Patients with penicillin allergy labels often receive alternative antibiotics for
perioperative prophylaxis, as opposed to first-line cephalosporins (cefazolin/cefuroxime) …

The use of reperfusion therapy has substantially reduced 30-day mortality in acute ST-
segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI) patients. w1ew3 Currently, the optimal …

Objectives Autologous saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) are the most commonly used bypass
conduits in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with multivessel coronary artery disease …

Objective: Preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump use in high-risk patients undergoing
surgical coronary revascularization is still a matter of debate. The objective of this study is to …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). If
injury is mild, a repair process can be adaptive and lead to complete renal recovery …

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic fibroinflammatory disease
characterised by multiorgan lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, obliterative phlebitis and …

Objectives: Summarize the classic indications for the use of cardioplegia in cardiac surgery
patients. Describe the technique of cardioplegia. Review the appropriate evaluation of the …

Chronic venous disease (CVD) is the most common reported chronic condition in the United
States, affecting more than 25 million Americans. Regardless of its high occurrence, current …

Proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells and the resultant intimal hyperplasia
cause coronary artery bypass graft failure. Both internal mammary artery and saphenous …

Background Pulmonary complications occur in a substantial proportion of patients who
undergo coronary artery bypass grafting. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT), a simple, well …