Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. PD
patients exhibit motor symptoms such as akinesia/bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and postural …

The neurovascular system (NVS), which consisted of neurons, glia, and vascular cells, is a
functional and structural unit of the brain. The NVS regulates blood-brain barrier (BBB) …

The imbalance between glutamate and γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) results in the loss of
synaptic strength leading to neurodegeneration. The dogma on the field considered neurons …

Objective Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) facilitates a sleep-enhanced interstitial brain waste clearance
system. This study was conducted to determine the clinical implication of AQP4 …

Astrocytes play an important role in the central nervous system (CNS). Ion channels in these
cells not only function in ion transport, and maintain water/ion metabolism homeostasis, but …

Abstract Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is the most abundantly expressed aquaporin in the central
nervous system (CNS) and is an integral part of the glymphatic system that cannot be …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease
worldwide. Nootkatone (NKT) has been shown to have neuroprotective, anti‐inflammatory …

Aquaporins (AQPs) are part of the family of the integral membrane proteins. Their function is
dedicated to the transport of water, glycerol, ammonia, urea, H 2 O 2, and other small …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multi-stage neurodegenerative disorder with largely unknown
etiology. Recent findings have identified PD-associated autoimmune features including …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by motor and
non-motor features. Although some progress has been made in conventional PD treatments …