This review aims to survey the current state of mechanotransduction in vascular smooth
muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), including their sensing of mechanical …

Cardiac arrhythmias are among the leading causes of mortality. They often arise from
alterations in the electrophysiological properties of cardiac cells and their underlying ionic …

Abstract Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a major reactive oxygen species in unicellular and
multicellular organisms, and is produced extracellularly in response to external stresses and …

Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) activate innate immunity in both animals
and plants. Although calcium has long been recognized as an essential signal for PAMP …

CLC anion transporters are found in all phyla and form a gene family of eight members in
mammals. Two CLC proteins, each of which completely contains an ion translocation …

Genomic instability is a primary cause and fundamental feature of human cancer. However,
all cancer cell genotypes generally translate into several common pathophysiological …

Standard follow-up and symptomatic treatment have allowed most patients with cystic
fibrosis to live to young adulthood. However, many patients still die prematurely from …

Salt and fluid absorption and secretion are two processes that are fundamental to epithelial
function and whole body fluid homeostasis, and as such are tightly regulated in epithelial …

Pericyte-mediated capillary constriction decreases cerebral blood flow in stroke after an
occluded artery is unblocked. The determinants of pericyte tone are poorly understood. We …

Calcium-activated chloride channels (CaCCs) encoded by TMEM16A,, control neuronal
signalling, smooth muscle contraction, airway and exocrine gland secretion, and rhythmic …