Summary Infection with SARS‐CoV‐2, the etiology of the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic, has
resulted in over 450 million cases with more than 6 million deaths worldwide, causing global …

The COVID pandemic has refreshed and expanded recognition of the vital role that
sustained antibody (Ab) secretion plays in our immune defenses against microbes and of …

Determining the duration of protective immunity requires quantifying the magnitude and rate
of loss of antibodies to different virus and vaccine antigens. A key complication is …

Vaccines play a vital role in protecting our communities against infectious disease.
Unfortunately, some vaccines provide only partial protection or in some cases vaccine …

The immune memory to common cold coronaviruses (CCCs) influences SARS-CoV-2
infection outcome, and understanding its effect is crucial for pan-coronavirus vaccine …

Intranasal vaccines are anticipated to be powerful tools for combating many infectious
diseases, including SARS-CoV-2, because they induce not only systemic immunity but also …

The bestselling LPN/LVN geriatric nursing textbook, Basic Geriatric Nursing, 5th Edition
covers age-appropriate nursing interventions in a variety of health care settings. It includes …

Vaccines are considered one of the most important advances in modern medicine and have
greatly improved our quality of life by reducing or eliminating many serious infectious …

Background Antibodies against merozoite antigens are key components of malaria
immunity. The naturally acquired antibody response to these antigens is generally …

The environmental conditions generated by war and characterized by poverty,
undernutrition, stress, difficult access to safe water and food as well as lack of environmental …