Many patients with chest pain undergoing coronary angiography do not show significant
obstructive coronary lesions. A substantial proportion of these patients have abnormalities in …

Low-grade inflammatory processes and related oxidative stress may have a key role in the
pathogenesis of hypertension and hypertension-mediated organ damage. Innate immune …

Significant differences may exist among different descents, but the current studies are mainly
based on European populations. In the present study, we analyzed the population‐specific …

Defined as a prejudice either for or against something, biases at the provider, patient, and
societal level all contribute to differences in cardiovascular disease recognition and …

Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) is a complex disorder and a leading cause of death and
morbidity in both men and women. Sex, however, affects several aspects of IHD, including …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Although
major diagnostic and therapeutic advances have significantly improved the prognosis of …

There is accumulating evidence highlighting a close relationship between inflammation and
coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) in various experimental and clinical settings, with …

Echocardiographic evaluation is an essential part of the diagnostic work-up in patients with
known or suspected cardiovascular disease. Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography …

Objective Aspirin has been widely utilized over several decades for atherosclerotic
cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) prevention among adults in the United States. We …

Proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a proprotein convertase that
increases plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels by triggering the …