During the last forty years we have witnessed impressive advances in the field of antiviral
drug discovery culminating with the introduction of therapies able to stop human …

Evolution of RNA viruses occurs through disequilibria of collections of closely related mutant
spectra or mutant clouds termed viral quasispecies. Here we review the origin of the …

A large number of medically important viruses, including HIV, hepatitis C virus, and
influenza, have RNA genomes. These viruses replicate with extremely high mutation rates …

Herpes simplex virus (HSV), a member of the Herpesviridae family, is a significant human
pathogen that results in mucocutaneous lesions in the oral cavity or genital infections …

Twenty-five years ago, nucleoside analog 3′-azidothymidine (AZT) was shown to efficiently
block the replication of HIV in cell culture. Subsequent studies demonstrated that AZT acts …

Current advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART) have turned HIV-1 infection into a
chronic and manageable disease. However, treatment is only effective until HIV-1 develops …

DNA methylation plays a pivotal role in the etiology of cancer by mediating epigenetic
silencing of cancer-related genes. Since the relationship between aberrant DNA methylation …

Understanding the factors that shape viral evolution is critical for developing effective
antiviral strategies, accurately predicting viral evolution, and preventing pandemics. One …

The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of SARS-CoV-2 is one of the optimum targets
for antiviral drug design and development. The hydroxyl groups of cytidine structures were …

Nucleoside analogs contribute in pharmaceutical and clinical fields as medicinal agents and
approved drugs. This work focused to investigate the antimicrobial, anticancer activities, and …