The tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines 4-(N-nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
(NNK) and N′-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) always occur together and exclusively in tobacco …

Nitrosamines occur widespread in food, drinking water, cosmetics, as well as tobacco smoke
and can arise endogenously. More recently, nitrosamines have been detected as impurities …

DNA adducts are believed to play a central role in the induction of cancer in cigarette
smokers and are proposed as being potential biomarkers of cancer risk. We have …

Purines, which are regarded as relatively stable heterocyclic systems, can be opened at
both pyrimidine and imidazole rings. Purine ring opening also serves as a tool for the …

Hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC)-type sorbents were newly developed for the
solid-phase extraction (SPE) of polar compounds. Two methacrylate-base resins with …

The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified the tobacco-specific
nitrosamines N′-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1 …

The tobacco-specific nitrosamines N′-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-
1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) are considered to be two of the most important carcinogens …

As an abundantly present tobacco component, carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-
pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) has also been detected in atmospheric particulate matter …

Quantitative measurement of DNA adducts in carcinogen-exposed cells provides the
information about the frequency of formation and the rate of removal of DNA lesions in vivo …

Recent work on the diazonium ion metabolite of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-
butanone (NNKDI) suggests that 5-(pyridin-3-yl)-3, 4-dihydro-2 H-furan-1-ium (NNKFI) may …