Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Several treatments are available for
cancer treatment, but many treatment methods are ineffective against multidrug-resistant …

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Although
tobacco smoking accounts for the majority of lung cancer, approximately 10% of patients …

Despite a gradual decline in smoking rates over time, exposure to secondhand smoke
(SHS) continues to cause harm to nonsmokers, who are disproportionately children and …

Background In order to review the epidemiologic evidence concerning previous lung
diseases as risk factors for lung cancer, a meta-analysis and systematic review was …

Objective: To estimate the risk of lung cancer in lifelong non-smokers exposed to
environmental tobacco smoke. Design: Analysis of 37 published epidemiological studies of …

Background Smoking is a known lung cancer cause, but no detailed quantitative systematic
review exists. We summarize evidence for various indices. Methods Papers published …

In the last decade, a number of quantitative epidemiological studies of specific diseases
have been done in developing countries that for the first time allow estimation of the total …

Approximately one third of all lung cancer patients in East Asia are never-smokers.
Furthermore, the proportion of lung cancer in never smokers (LCINS) has been increasing …

Background Reliable risk prediction tools for estimating individual probability of lung cancer
have important public health implications. We constructed and validated a comprehensive …

Environmental carcinogens, in a strict sense, include outdoor and indoor air pollutants, as
well as soil and drinking water contaminants. An increased risk of mesothelioma has …