Hippocampus is the significant component of the limbic lobe, which is further subdivided into
the dentate gyrus and parts of Cornu Ammonis. It is the crucial region for learning and …

BACKGROUND Ever since Edward Tolman's proposal that comprehensive cognitive maps
underlie spatial navigation and, more generally, psychological functions, the question of …

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) via implanted electrodes is used worldwide to treat patients
with severe neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, its invasiveness precludes …

Animals associate cues with outcomes and update these associations as new information is
presented. This requires the hippocampus, yet how hippocampal neurons track changes in …

The hippocampus is famous for mapping locations in spatially organized environments, and
several recent studies have shown that hippocampal networks also map moments in …

Human episodic memory critically depends on subregions of the medial temporal lobe,
which are part of functional brain systems such as the anterior-temporal and the posterior …

We update complementary learning systems (CLS) theory, which holds that intelligent
agents must possess two learning systems, instantiated in mammalians in neocortex and …

Episodic memories are multifaceted and malleable, capable of being transformed with time
and experience at both the neural level and psychological level. At the neural level, episodic …

A growing literature suggests that the hippocampus is critical for the rapid extraction of
regularities from the environment. Although this fits with the known role of the hippocampus …

The hippocampal–entorhinal system encodes a map of space that guides spatial navigation.
Goal-directed behaviour outside of spatial navigation similarly requires a representation of …