Within the past decade, there has been increasing recognition that glia are far more than
simply “housekeepers” for neurons. This review explores two recently recognized roles of …

The microglia, once thought only to be supporting cells of the central nervous system (CNS),
are now recognized to play essential roles in many pathologies. Many studies within the last …

An increasing number of therapies for spinal cord injury (SCI) are emerging from the
laboratory and seeking translation into human clinical trials. Many of these are administered …

In contrast to physiological pain, pathological pain is not dependent on the presence of
tissue‐damaging stimuli. One type of pathological pain—neuropathic pain—is often a …

Central neuropathic pain (CNP) developing after spinal cord injury (SCI) is described by the
region affected: above-level, at-level and below-level pain occurs in dermatomes rostral …

Management of chronic pain, such as nerve-injury-induced neuropathic pain associated
with diabetic neuropathy, viral infection, and cancer, is a real clinical challenge. Major …

In response to NIH initiatives to investigate sex as a biological variable in preclinical animal
studies, researchers have increased their focus on male and female differences in …

Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) often have chronic pain, which may have a major
impact on their quality of life. The purpose of this article is to present an update on the …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) impairs sensory systems causing chronic allodynia. Mechanisms
underlying neuropathic pain have been more extensively studied following peripheral nerve …

Neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury (SCI) is developed in about 80% of SCI patients
and there is no efficient therapeutic drug to alleviate SCI-induced neuropathic pain. Here we …