This e-book will review special features of the cerebral circulation and how they contribute to
the physiology of the brain. It describes structural and functional properties of the cerebral …

From a structural perspective, the predominant glial cell of the central nervous system, the
astrocyte, is positioned to regulate synaptic transmission and neurovascular coupling: the …

Neurovascular coupling (NVC) is important for brain function and its dysfunction underlies
many neuropathologies. Although cell-type specificity has been implicated in NVC, how …

Background and Purpose—The relationship between middle cerebral artery (MCA) flow
velocity (CFV) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) is uncertain because of unknown vessel …

Understanding the contribution of the autonomic nervous system to cerebral blood flow
(CBF) control is challenging, and interpretations are unclear. The identification of calcium …

Cerebral autoregulation (CA) is integral to the delicate process of maintaining stable
cerebral perfusion and brain tissue oxygenation against changes in arterial blood pressure …

During standing, both the position of the cerebral circulation and the reductions in mean
arterial pressure (MAP) and cardiac output challenge cerebral autoregulatory (CA) …

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is regulated by vasomotor, chemical, metabolic, and neurogenic
mechanisms. Even though the innervation of cerebral arteries is quite extensively described …

Background and Purpose—The role of the sympathetic nervous system in cerebral
autoregulation remains poorly characterized. We examined cerebral blood flow responses …

We outline the mechanisms currently thought to be responsible for controlling cerebral blood
flow (CBF) in the physiologic state and during ischemia, focusing on the arterial pial and …