Since 1999, various forward-and reverse-genetic approaches have uncovered nearly 200
genes required for symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) in legumes. These discoveries …

Plants encounter a myriad of microorganisms, particularly at the root–soil interface, that can
invade with detrimental or beneficial outcomes. Prevalent beneficial associations between …

Signaling studies in the rhizosphere have focused on close interactions between plants and
symbiotic microorganisms. However, this focus is likely to expand to other microorganisms …

Reduction in soil fertility and depletion of natural resources due to current intensive
agricultural practices along with climate changes are the major constraints for crop …

Nitrogen fixing symbioses between plants and bacteria are ancient and, while not
numerous, are formed in diverse lineages of plants ranging from microalgae to …

To overcome nitrogen deficiencies in the soil, legumes enter symbioses with rhizobial
bacteria that convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonium. Rhizobia are accommodated as …

Flavonoids are crucial signaling molecules in the symbiosis between legumes and their
nitrogen-fixing symbionts, the rhizobia. The primary function of flavonoids in the interaction is …

Salt stress is an ever-present threat to crop yields, especially in countries with irrigated
agriculture. Efforts to improve salt tolerance in crop plants are vital for sustainable crop …

Microorganisms are found everywhere, and they are closely associated with plants.
Because the establishment of any plant–microbe association involves chemical …

The second edition of this book, first published in 1991 and intended for students and
researchers, contains revised and updated material on the theory and practice of nitrogen …