The next generation (NG) optical technologies will unveil certain unique features, namely
ultra-high data rate, broadband multiple services, scalable bandwidth, and flexible …

Free-space optical communication (FSO) has emerged as an opportunity for future
generation high-speed wireless communication, substituting its radio frequency (RF) …

In this paper, free space optical communication system employing a hybrid modulation
technique called pulse position modulation–binary phase shift keying–subcarrier intensity …

Free space optical (FSO) communication is a promising technology for future deep space
exploration, but it encounters coronal turbulence during superior solar conjunction. In this …

The technology of free‐space optical communication (FSOC) systems has some distinctive
merits compared to other technologies. Its use is extremely beneficial to meet the exigencies …

In this paper, we have proposed an adaptive pulse position modulation—Gaussian
minimum shift keying—subcarrier intensity modulation (PPM-GMSK-SIM) system over Ғ …

To enhance the error performance of satellite downlink optical wireless communication
system, a hybrid modulation scheme called PPM-FSK-SIM is proposed in this study. It is …

Atmospheric turbulence is a major impairment that degrades the performance of free space
optical (FSO) communication systems. Spatial modulation (SM) with receive spatial diversity …

Free-space optical communication (FSO) technology has wide prospects in deep space
exploration, but it will encounter coronal turbulence during superior solar conjunction, and …

We put forward and provide the first illustration of a high capacity and high spectral efficient
free space optical communication (FSOC) system using digital domain power division …