OBJECTIVES.: We attempted to determine the accuracy and pitfalls of calculating the mitral
regurgitant orifice area with the proximal isovelocity surface area method in a clinical series …

BACKGROUND It has been proposed recently that measuring the flow convergence region
proximal to an orifice by Doppler flow mapping can provide a means of calculating …

Objectives. The goal of this study was to develop an accurate, simplified proximal isovelocity
surface area (PISA) method for calculating volume flow rate using lower blue-red interface …

OBJECTIVES.: The purpose of this study was to develop a rational and objective method for
selecting a region in the proximal flow field where the hemispheric formula for calculating …

A physical model study is conducted to investigate the flow field upstream of orifices. In
particular, new experimental data for the upstream flow pattern resulting from multiple …

Flow rate across an orifice can be determined from color Doppler echocardiographic maps
of the flow convergence region proximal to the orifice. Different methods have been …

To assess the ability of the proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) method to accurately
measure the stenotic mitral valve area (MVA), and to assess whether aortic regurgitation …

To define the clinical utility of the color Doppler proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA)
method for estimating regurgitant stroke volume (SV), 160 regurgitant lesions were …

BACKGROUND The imaging and measurement of the proximal flow convergence region in
the left ventricle have been reported to be useful for identifying the site of mitral regurgitation …

A new Doppler echocardiographically based method has been developed to quantify
volume flow rate by surface integration of velocity vectors (SIVV). Electrocardiographic-gated …