Plants take up a wide range of trace metals/metalloids (hereinafter referred to as trace
metals) from the soil, some of which are essential but become toxic at high concentrations …

Heavy metal toxicity is one of the major concerns for agriculture and health. Accumulation of
toxic heavy metals at high concentrations in edible parts of crop plants is the primary cause …

In plants, iron uptake from the soil is tightly regulated to ensure optimal growth and
development. Iron absorption in Arabidopsis root epidermal cells requires the IRT1 …

Plant cells are in constant communication to coordinate development processes and
environmental reactions. Under stressful conditions, such communication allows the plant …

Manganese (Mn) is an essential micronutrient for all living organisms. However, excess Mn
supply that can occur in acid or waterlogged soils has toxic effects on plant physiology and …

Mineral nutrition is one of the key factors determining plant productivity. In plants, metal
homeostasis is achieved through the functioning of a complex system governing metal …

Iron (Fe) is an essential plant micronutrient since many cellular processes including
photosynthesis, respiration, and the scavenging of reactive oxygen species depend on …

Iron (Fe) is an essential transition metal. Based on its redox-active nature under biological
conditions, various Fe compounds serve as cofactors in redox enzymes. In plants, the …

Non-essential heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is toxic to plants and animals. Cadmium affects
plant photosynthesis, respiration, and causes water imbalance and may lead to plant death …

Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for plant growth and development due to its role in
crucial processes such as photosynthesis and modulation of the redox state as an electron …